Advertisement
Latest Research on Aromatase Inhibitors: A Comprehensive Overview
Introduction:
Aromatase inhibitors (AIs) have revolutionized the treatment of hormone-sensitive breast cancer, significantly improving survival rates. But the field is constantly evolving, with ongoing research pushing the boundaries of understanding their efficacy, safety, and potential applications. This comprehensive post delves into the latest research on aromatase inhibitors, exploring recent breakthroughs, ongoing clinical trials, and emerging areas of investigation. We'll examine their use in various breast cancer subtypes, delve into side effects and management strategies, and discuss the future direction of AI research. Prepare to be informed and empowered with the most up-to-date knowledge on these crucial cancer therapies.
I. Mechanisms of Action and AI Classes: Understanding the Fundamentals
Aromatase inhibitors work by blocking the enzyme aromatase, which is responsible for converting androgens (male hormones) into estrogens (female hormones) in peripheral tissues. This estrogen reduction is crucial because estrogen fuels the growth of many breast cancers. There are three main classes of AIs:
Non-steroidal AIs: These include anastrozole (Arimidex), letrozole (Femara), and exemestane (Aromasin). They are commonly used as first-line therapy for postmenopausal women with hormone-receptor-positive breast cancer. Recent research focuses on optimizing their dosage and scheduling to maximize efficacy while minimizing side effects.
Steroidal AIs: Exemestane is the primary example, functioning through a slightly different mechanism than non-steroidal AIs. Studies continue to compare its effectiveness against non-steroidal options in various patient populations.
Third-Generation AIs: Research is ongoing in the development of more potent and selective AIs with fewer side effects. These newer agents are designed to overcome limitations of existing therapies and improve outcomes.
II. Latest Clinical Trial Results and Emerging Applications
Numerous clinical trials are currently underway evaluating various aspects of AI use. Some key areas of focus include:
AI in premenopausal women: While traditionally used in postmenopausal women, research explores strategies to use AIs effectively in premenopausal women, often in combination with other therapies like ovarian suppression. Recent trials are investigating optimal combinations and scheduling.
AI in metastatic breast cancer: AIs play a significant role in managing metastatic breast cancer. Research is investigating new AI combinations with other targeted therapies to enhance treatment response and prolong progression-free survival. Studies are examining biomarkers to predict which patients will best respond to specific AI regimens.
AI in early breast cancer adjuvant therapy: Ongoing trials are evaluating the optimal duration of AI therapy after surgery and chemotherapy. There’s ongoing debate on the balance between extended treatment and potential long-term side effects.
AI resistance mechanisms: A major focus of current research is understanding why some breast cancers develop resistance to AIs. Identifying resistance mechanisms allows for the development of strategies to overcome resistance and improve long-term outcomes. This includes investigating genetic and epigenetic alterations.
III. Managing Side Effects and Improving Patient Outcomes
AIs can cause various side effects, including musculoskeletal pain (arthralgia and myalgia), fatigue, hot flashes, and cardiovascular events. Recent research is focused on:
Strategies for managing musculoskeletal pain: This includes exploring different pain management techniques, such as exercise, physical therapy, and pharmacological interventions. Research is also examining the role of bisphosphonates in mitigating bone loss and pain.
Cardiovascular risk mitigation: Studies are investigating the cardiovascular risks associated with AI use and developing strategies to minimize these risks, including lifestyle modifications and potentially adding protective medications.
Improved adherence to AI therapy: Research focuses on improving patient adherence to AI therapy through better education, support groups, and personalized management strategies.
Identifying predictive biomarkers for side effects: Researchers are exploring biomarkers to identify individuals at higher risk of developing specific side effects, enabling personalized approaches to minimize adverse events.
IV. Future Directions and Potential Research Areas
The future of AI research holds exciting possibilities:
Development of novel AIs: Researchers are working on developing newer, more effective AIs with improved tolerability profiles. This includes exploring AI compounds with novel mechanisms of action.
Combination therapies: Research is exploring the benefits of combining AIs with other targeted therapies, such as CDK4/6 inhibitors and PARP inhibitors, to enhance treatment effectiveness and overcome resistance.
Personalized medicine approaches: The use of biomarkers to personalize AI therapy is becoming increasingly important. Identifying predictive biomarkers can help tailor treatment to individual patient characteristics, maximizing efficacy and minimizing side effects.
Exploring the role of AI in other hormone-sensitive cancers: While primarily used in breast cancer, research is exploring the potential applications of AIs in other hormone-sensitive cancers, such as endometrial and ovarian cancers.
V. Conclusion: A Bright Future for Aromatase Inhibitors
Research on aromatase inhibitors is rapidly advancing, leading to significant improvements in the treatment of hormone-sensitive breast cancer. Ongoing clinical trials and innovative research are paving the way for more effective, safer, and personalized AI therapies. By understanding the latest advancements in AI research, oncologists and patients can collaborate to make informed decisions about treatment plans and improve patient outcomes. The future of AI research promises continued progress, leading to even greater advancements in cancer treatment.
Book Outline: "Decoding Aromatase Inhibitors: A Comprehensive Guide"
Introduction: Brief history of AIs and their impact on breast cancer treatment.
Chapter 1: Mechanism of action of different classes of AIs.
Chapter 2: Clinical trials and their results – focusing on recent landmark studies.
Chapter 3: Management of AI-related side effects and improving patient quality of life.
Chapter 4: AI resistance mechanisms and strategies to overcome resistance.
Chapter 5: Future directions and potential research areas in AI development.
Conclusion: Summary of key findings and implications for breast cancer treatment.
(Note: The detailed content for each chapter of the book would expand upon the sections detailed above in the blog post.)
FAQs
1. What are the most common side effects of aromatase inhibitors? Common side effects include musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, hot flashes, and increased risk of cardiovascular events.
2. Are aromatase inhibitors suitable for all breast cancer patients? No, they are primarily used in postmenopausal women with hormone-receptor-positive breast cancer.
3. How long is the typical treatment duration with aromatase inhibitors? The duration varies depending on the stage of cancer and individual patient factors, typically ranging from several months to several years.
4. What are the latest advancements in aromatase inhibitor research? Recent research focuses on managing side effects, overcoming resistance, developing novel AIs, and using biomarkers for personalized medicine.
5. Can aromatase inhibitors be used in combination with other therapies? Yes, they are often used in combination with other targeted therapies and chemotherapy.
6. What are the potential long-term effects of aromatase inhibitors? Long-term effects may include bone loss, cardiovascular risks, and cognitive changes. These are actively being studied to develop mitigating strategies.
7. How are aromatase inhibitors administered? They are typically administered orally in pill form.
8. Are there any specific lifestyle changes recommended while taking aromatase inhibitors? Maintaining a healthy lifestyle including diet, exercise, and managing stress may help alleviate some side effects.
9. What should I do if I experience severe side effects from aromatase inhibitors? Contact your doctor immediately to discuss your concerns and explore potential management strategies.
Related Articles
1. Aromatase Inhibitors and Bone Health: Discusses the impact of AIs on bone density and strategies for bone health maintenance.
2. Overcoming Aromatase Inhibitor Resistance: Explores mechanisms of resistance and strategies to overcome it.
3. Cardiovascular Risk and Aromatase Inhibitors: Focuses on the cardiovascular risks associated with AI use and risk mitigation strategies.
4. Aromatase Inhibitors in Premenopausal Women: Examines the challenges and strategies for AI use in premenopausal women.
5. Personalized Medicine Approaches to Aromatase Inhibitor Therapy: Discusses the use of biomarkers to personalize AI treatment.
6. The Role of Aromatase Inhibitors in Metastatic Breast Cancer: Explores the use of AIs in managing metastatic disease.
7. Comparing Different Aromatase Inhibitors: A Head-to-Head Analysis: Compares the efficacy and side effects of different AI classes.
8. Managing Musculoskeletal Pain Associated with Aromatase Inhibitors: Provides practical strategies for managing AI-related musculoskeletal pain.
9. Long-Term Outcomes and Quality of Life After Aromatase Inhibitor Therapy: Examines long-term effects of AI therapy and strategies to improve quality of life.
| latest research on aromatase inhibitors: The Ovary Peter C.K. Leung, Eli Y. Adashi, 2018-09-10 The Ovary, Third Edition, includes more than 60% new material that highlights the clinical aspects of human ovarian functions. It covers advances in the areas of genomics, assisted reproductive technology, and cancer diagnosis and treatment. This updated edition synthesizes new information at the molecular, cellular and organismal levels, while also presenting modern ovarian physiology in a more understandable and comparative context. The book looks at ovarian function from a detailed molecular and cellular level that examines all phases of the ovarian lifecycle that places special emphasis on the pathophysiology of the human ovary, including ovarian carcinogenesis. Represents an unparalleled compilation of chapters that are relevant to contemporary ovarian physiology Provides basic and clinical research on ovarian function, abnormalities, assisted reproductive technology, and cancer Highlights contemporary strategies and treatment paradigms in female factor infertility |
| latest research on aromatase inhibitors: A Comprehensive Guide to the Therapeutic Use of Aminoglutethimide Richard J. Santen, I. Craig Henderson, 1981 |
| latest research on aromatase inhibitors: Metronomic Chemotherapy Guido Bocci, Giulio Francia, 2014-09-04 This book analyzes all aspects of metronomic chemotherapy, a new approach involving low-dose, long-term, and frequently administered therapy that has preclinical and clinical activity in various tumors. After an opening section on the pharmacological bases of metronomic chemotherapy, including its antiangiogenic effects and impact on immunity, preclinical studies on various classes of drug are discussed. Clinical applications of metronomic chemotherapy in a wide variety of tumors are then addressed in detail, with description of the results of all published studies. The clinical pharmacology of metronomic chemotherapy is also considered in depth, encompassing pharmacokinetics, pharmacogenetics, pharmacoeconomics, and adverse drug reactions. The book closes by describing the role of this therapy in the veterinarian clinic. |
| latest research on aromatase inhibitors: Targeted Therapies in Breast Cancer Gw Sledge, George W. Sledge (Jr.), 2012-06 This new volume updates the reader on selected areas of targeted therapy in breast cancer, with special emphasis on chemoprevention strategies, drug resistance, biomarkers, combination chemotherapy, angiogenesis inhibition and pharmacogenomics in the context of clinical efficacy. This selected review of targeted therapies will guide the reader on effective treatment as part of an integrated programme of patient management. |
| latest research on aromatase inhibitors: Trends in Breast Cancer Prevention Jose Russo, 2016-07-14 This volume, with contributions from the most recognized experts in preventive strategies in breast cancer, presents the accepted as well as the novel ideas that have been introduced for the prevention of breast cancer. There is no single preventive agent that can stop the incidence of breast cancer—the malignant disease most frequently diagnosed in women of all races and nationalities. Furthermore, its incidence around the globe is increasing in industrialized countries. The worldwide incidence of breast cancer has increased 30-40% since the 1970s, reaching an excess of 1,390,000 new cases and a mortality of more than 460,000 cases in 2015. Therefore, what is needed is the development of rational strategies for the prevention of this fatal disease. |
| latest research on aromatase inhibitors: Hepatotoxicity Hyman J. Zimmerman, 1999 Written by the foremost authority in the field, this volume is a comprehensive review of the multifaceted phenomenon of hepatotoxicity. Dr. Zimmerman examines the interface between chemicals and the liver; the latest research in experimental hepatotoxicology; the hepatotoxic risks of household, industrial, and environmental chemicals; and the adverse effects of drugs on the liver. This thoroughly revised, updated Second Edition features a greatly expanded section on the wide variety of drugs that can cause liver injury. For quick reference, an appendix lists these medications and their associated hepatic injuries. Also included are in-depth discussions of drug metabolism and factors affecting susceptibility to liver injury. |
| latest research on aromatase inhibitors: Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships in Drug Design, Predictive Toxicology, and Risk Assessment Roy, Kunal, 2015-02-28 Quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSARs) represent predictive models derived from the application of statistical tools correlating biological activity or other properties of chemicals with descriptors representative of molecular structure and/or property. Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships in Drug Design, Predictive Toxicology, and Risk Assessment discusses recent advancements in the field of QSARs with special reference to their application in drug development, predictive toxicology, and chemical risk analysis. Focusing on emerging research in the field, this book is an ideal reference source for industry professionals, students, and academicians in the fields of medicinal chemistry and toxicology. |
| latest research on aromatase inhibitors: Adjuvant Therapy for Breast Cancer Monica Castiglione, Martine J. Piccart, 2009-07-11 Adjuvant treatment is administered prior to or as follow up to surgical procedures for breast cancer. Proven success in using medical therapies allowing for breast conserving procedures or reducing risk of occurrence. Although there has been much progress towards a cure, including the introduction of new targeted therapies, metastasizing cancer remains highly incurable. |
| latest research on aromatase inhibitors: Management of Cancer in the Older Patient E-Book Arash Naeim, David Reuben, Patricia Ganz, 2011-08-17 Management of Cancer in the Older Patient, by Drs. Arash Naeim, David Reuben, and Patricia Ganz, offers the help you need to effectively diagnose, refer, and manage cancer in geriatric patients. You’ll see how to provide effective cancer screening; refer your patients to the right oncologist; deal with comorbidities, frailties, and other complications; navigate end-of-life issues; and much more. A templated, user-friendly format makes it easy to find and apply the answers you need. See how to best manage geriatric cancer patients with help from leading specialists in both geriatrics and oncology Make informed decisions as to when to refer patients to specialists. Provide the supportive care your patients and their families need on issues such as such as mental health, pain, fatigue, nausea, insomnia. Be prepared to help cancer survivors navigate their after-treatment care including adjuvant therapy, side effects, second cancers, quality of life, and other concerns. Offer accurate guidance on ethical issues like competency, end of life, hospice, the role of the caregiver, and more. |
| latest research on aromatase inhibitors: Osteoporosis Steven R. Cummings, Felicia Cosman, Sophie A. Jamal, 2002 Until recently considered an inevitable part of aging, osteoporosis is typically diagnosed only after a serious complication such as a fracture. It is now possible, however, to diagnose high-risk patients beforehand. Easily performed noninvasive tests estimate bone mass, and patients at risk can be treated with new drugs whose efficacy for fracture reduction has been proven in clinical trials. Osteoporosis: An Evidence-Based Guide to Prevention and Management, the newest volume in the acclaimed ACP Women's Health series, addresses every important facet of this common disease. The latest scientific evidence and the extensive clinical experience of the authors provide essential information on the origins and progress of osteoporosis. Treatment options are thoroughly reviewed. |
| latest research on aromatase inhibitors: Consultative Hemostasis and Thrombosis E-Book Craig S. Kitchens, Barbara A Konkle, Craig M. Kessler, 2013-02-20 A unique clinical focus makes Consultative Hemostasis and Thrombosis, 3rd Edition your go-to guide for quick, practical answers on managing the full range of bleeding and clotting disorders. Emphasizing real-world problems and solutions, Dr. Craig S. Kitchens, Dr. Barbara A. Konkle, and Dr. Craig M. Kessler provide all the clinical guidance you need to make optimal decisions on behalf of your patients and promote the best possible outcomes. Consult this title on your favorite e-reader with intuitive search tools and adjustable font sizes. Elsevier eBooks provide instant portable access to your entire library, no matter what device you're using or where you're located. Efficiently look up concise descriptions of each condition, its associated symptoms, laboratory findings, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, and treatment. Get the latest information on hot topics such as Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation, Thrombophilia, Clinical and Laboratory Assessment and Management, Thrombotic -Thrombocytopenic Purpura, and Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia. Apply today’s newest therapies, including those that are quickly becoming standard in this fast-changing field. Meet the needs of specific patient groups with a new chapter on Bleeding and the Management of Hemorrhagic Disorders in Pregnancy and an extensively updated chapter on Thrombosis and Cancer. Zero in on key information with a new user-friendly design, and all-new full-color format, abundant laboratory protocols, and at-a-glance tables and charts throughout. |
| latest research on aromatase inhibitors: Probably Someday Cancer Kim Horner, 2019-02-15 After learning that she inherited a BRCA2 genetic mutation that put her at high risk for breast and ovarian cancer, Kim Horner’s doctors urged her to consider having a double mastectomy. But how do you decide whether to have a surgery to remove your breasts to reduce your risk for a disease you don’t have and may never get? Horner shares her struggle to answer that question in Probably Someday Cancer. The mother of a one-year-old boy, she wanted to do whatever would give her the best odds of being around for her son and protect her from breast cancer, which killed her grandmother and great-grandmother in their 40s. Which would give her the best chance at a long healthy life: a double mastectomy or frequent screenings to try to catch any cancer early? The answers weren’t that simple. Based on extensive research, interviews, and personal experience, Horner writes about how and why she ultimately opted for a double mastectomy—the same decision actress Angelina Jolie made for a similar genetic mutation—and the surprising diagnosis that followed. The book explores difficult truths that get overshadowed by upbeat messages about early detection and survivorship—the fact that screenings can miss cancers and that even early-stage breast cancers can spread and become fatal. Probably Someday Cancer is about the author’s efforts to push past her fear and anxiety. This book can help anyone facing hereditary risk of breast and ovarian cancer feel less alone and make informed decisions to protect their health and end the devastation that hereditary cancer has caused for generations in so many families. |
| latest research on aromatase inhibitors: Introduction to Basics of Pharmacology and Toxicology Abialbon Paul, Nishanthi Anandabaskar, Jayanthi Mathaiyan, Gerard Marshall Raj, 2021-03-13 This book explains the pharmacological relationships between the various systems in the human body. It offers a comprehensive overview of the pharmacology concerning the autonomic, central, and peripheral nervous systems. Presenting up-to-date information on chemical mediators and their significance, it highlights the therapeutic aspects of several diseases affecting the cardiovascular, renal, respiratory, gastrointestinal, endocrinal, and hematopoietic systems. The book also includes drug therapy for microbial and neoplastic diseases. It also comprises sections on immunopharmacology, dermatological, and ocular pharmacology providing valuable insights into these emerging and recent topics. Covering the diverse groups of drugs acting on different systems, the book reviews their actions, clinical uses, adverse effects, interactions, and subcellular mechanisms of action. It is divided into 11 parts, subdivided into several chapters that evaluate the basic pharmacological principles that govern the different types of body systems. This book is intended for academicians, researchers, and clinicians in industry and academic institutions in pharmaceutical, pharmacological sciences, pharmacy, medical sciences, physiology, neurosciences, biochemistry, molecular biology and other allied health sciences. |
| latest research on aromatase inhibitors: Current Clinical Medicine William Dahill Carey, 2010 Current Clinical Medicine's 2nd edition, by the world famous Cleveland Clinic, is an Internal Medicine reference that gives you authoritative and actionable information wherever you are, whenever you need it. More than 40 updated chapters, 13 new chapters, and 30% new illustrations ensure that you'll have access to the most up-to-date guidance. In addition to its user-friendly, easy-access format and consistent, reliable coverage, this Expert Consult title includes a website with the complete contents of the book, fully searchable, downloadable images, and more, to keep you and your practice completely current. Includes access to a website featuring the complete contents of the book, fully searchable, access to patient information sheets, links to the Gold Standard Drug database, and much more, to keep you completely current. Provides consistent, reliable coverage to keep you on the top of your game. Includes summary boxes and algorithms for quick, confident diagnosis and treatment of each condition. Features a user-friendly format so you can find information quickly and easily. Contains more than a hundred full-color illustrations with a special focus on dermatology for highly visual guidance. Uses evidence-based gradings to help you evaluate your diagnoses. Includes many new chapters-including Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Head and Neck Cancer, Takayasu's Arteritis, and Non-Hodgkin and Hodgkin Lymphoma-as well as more than 40 substantially revised chapters, that ensure that you'll have access to the most current coverage. Features 30% new illustrations that provide you with updated details, concepts, and procedures. Your purchase entitles you to access the web site until the next edition is published, or until the current edition is no longer offered for sale by Elsevier, whichever occurs first. Elsevier reserves the right to offer a suitable replacement product (such as a downloadable or CD-ROM-based electronic version) should access to the web site be discontinued. |
| latest research on aromatase inhibitors: Davis's Drug Guide for Rehabilitation Professionals Charles D. Ciccone, 2013-03-21 A one-of-a-kind guide specifically for rehabilitation specialists! A leader in pharmacology and rehabilitation, Charles Ciccone, PT, PhD offers a concise, easy-to-access resource that delivers the drug information rehabilitation specialists need to know. Organized alphabetically by generic name, over 800 drug monographs offer the most up-to-date information on drug indications, therapeutic effects, potential adverse reactions, and much more! A list of implications for physical therapy at the end of each monograph helps you provide the best possible care for your patients. It’s the perfect companion to Pharmacology in Rehabilitation, 4th Edition! |
| latest research on aromatase inhibitors: Medicinal Chemistry of Anticancer Drugs Carmen Avendaño, J. Carlos Menéndez, 2015-06-11 Medicinal Chemistry of Anticancer Drugs, Second Edition, provides an updated treatment from the point of view of medicinal chemistry and drug design, focusing on the mechanism of action of antitumor drugs from the molecular level, and on the relationship between chemical structure and chemical and biochemical reactivity of antitumor agents. Antitumor chemotherapy is a very active field of research, and a huge amount of information on the topic is generated every year. Cytotoxic chemotherapy is gradually being supplemented by a new generation of drugs that recognize specific targets on the surface or inside cancer cells, and resistance to antitumor drugs continues to be investigated. While these therapies are in their infancy, they hold promise of more effective therapies with fewer side effects. Although many books are available that deal with clinical aspects of cancer chemotherapy, this book provides a sorely needed update from the point of view of medicinal chemistry and drug design. - Presents information in a clear and concise way using a large number of figures - Historical background provides insights on how the process of drug discovery in the anticancer field has evolved - Extensive references to primary literature |
| latest research on aromatase inhibitors: Cancer and Sexual Health John P Mulhall, Luca Incrocci, Irwin Goldstein, Ray Rosen, 2011-04-23 The average physician and even cancer care-givers are not knowledgeable about the effects of cancer treatment on sex and reproductive life. They are even less aware of the options available for treatment of such patients. Cancer and Sexual Health fills a great need for a reference work devoted to the link between cancer and human sexuality. The volume is designed to give a comprehensive and state-of-the-art review of the sexual and reproductive consequences of cancer diagnosis and treatment. It will prove an invaluable resource for those clinicians caring for cancer patients as well as acting as a reference text for the sexual medicine clinician who may not see a large number of cancer patients. |
| latest research on aromatase inhibitors: Endocrine Therapy in Breast Cancer William R. Miller, James N. Ingle, 2002-03-08 This reference evaluates and describes the latest strategies for hormone suppression and blockade in the management of early and advanced stage breast cancer and explores the effects of tamoxifen, selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs), aromatase inhibitors, and their combination on both breast cancers and normal tissues. Endocrine T |
| latest research on aromatase inhibitors: Aromatase Inhibitors—Advances in Research and Application: 2012 Edition , 2012-12-26 Aromatase Inhibitors—Advances in Research and Application: 2012 Edition is a ScholarlyPaper™ that delivers timely, authoritative, and intensively focused information about Aromatase Inhibitors in a compact format. The editors have built Aromatase Inhibitors—Advances in Research and Application: 2012 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Aromatase Inhibitors in this eBook to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Aromatase Inhibitors—Advances in Research and Application: 2012 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/. |
| latest research on aromatase inhibitors: Early Diagnosis and Treatment of Cancer Series: Breast Cancer - E-Book Lisa Jacobs, Christina Finlayson, 2010-07-15 Each volume in the Early Detection and Treatment of Cancer Series is packed with practical, authoritative information designed to cover the full range of diagnostic procedures, including pathologic, radiologic, bronchoscopic, and surgical aspects. You’ll be able to determine the safest, shortest, least invasive way to reach an accurate diagnosis; stage the disease; and choose the best initial treatment for early stages. Based on current evidence in the literature, authors provide clinical, hands-on tools to help you make informed decisions on precisely what tests and imaging studies are needed to diagnose and stage each type of cancer. Practical, authoritative, and highly-illustrated, this volume in the brand new Early Detection and Treatment of Cancer series covers current protocols and the latest advances in diagnostic imaging and molecular and serologic markers for breast cancer. Apply expert advice on the best “next-step plan for different presentations and tips for less invasive protocols. Get clinical, hands-on tools to help you make informed decisions on precisely what tests and imaging studies are needed for accurate diagnosis and staging. Clear figures, tables, and boxes illustrate step-by-step care of the full range of problems encountered. The small size and convenient format make this an ideal purchase for diagnostic reference. Outlines the steps after diagnosis to guide you through formulating a treatment or patient care plan. Emphasizes important points—such as the promising new breast cancer vaccine, sentinel node biopsy, and hormone receptor tests—with “key points boxes at the beginning of each chapter and pedagogic features throughout. Summarizes the process of accurately diagnosing and staging cancer in a logical, almost algorithmic, approach for easy reference. Discusses the treatment of early-stage disease so you have clear options for care. Complements the procedures outlined in the text with full-color photographs and line drawings to reinforce your understanding of the material. |
| latest research on aromatase inhibitors: Manual of Adult and Paediatric Medical Oncology S Monfardini, K Brunner, D Crowther, 1987-03-31 |
| latest research on aromatase inhibitors: Marcus and Feldman's Osteoporosis David W. Dempster, Jane A. Cauley, Mary L. Bouxsein, Felicia Cosman, 2020-10-08 Marcus and Feldman's Osteoporosis, Fifth Edition, is the most comprehensive, authoritative reference on this disease. Led by a new editorial team, this fifth edition offers critical information on reproductive and hormonal risk factors, new therapeutics, ethnicity, nutrition, therapeutics, management and economics, comprising a tremendous wealth of knowledge in a single source not found elsewhere. Written by renowned experts in the field, this two-volume reference is a must-have for biomedical researchers, research clinicians, fellows, academic and medical libraries, and any company involved in osteoporosis drug research and development. - Summarizes the latest research in bone biology and translational applications in a range of new therapeutic agents, including essential updates on therapeutic uses of calcium, vitamin D, SERMS, bisphosphonates, parathyroid hormone, and new therapeutic agents - Recognizes the critical importance of new signaling pathways for bone health, including Wnt, OPG and RANK, of interest to both researchers who study bone biology and clinicians who treat osteoporosis - Offers new insights into osteoporosis associated with menopause, pre-menopause, chronic kidney disease, diabetes, HIV and other immune disorders |
| latest research on aromatase inhibitors: The Breast K. I. Bland, Edward M. Copeland, 2009 Offering the most comprehensive, up-to-date information on the diagnosis and management of, and rehabilitation following, surgery for benign and malignant diseases of the breast, this surgical reference is now in a new edition available in both print and online for easy, convenient access to the absolute latest advances. |
| latest research on aromatase inhibitors: HER2-Positive Breast Cancer Sara Hurvitz, Kelly McCann, 2018-07-26 Get a quick, expert overview of clinically-focused topics and guidelines that are relevant to testing for HER2, which contributes to approximately 25% of breast cancers today. This concise resource by Drs. Sara Hurvitz, and Kelly McCann consolidates today's available information on this growing topic into one convenient resource, making it an ideal, easy-to-digest reference for practicing and trainee oncologists. - Covers the diagnosis, treatments and targeted therapies, and management of breast cancers that are HER2-positive. - Contains sections on background and testing, advanced disease, therapeutics, and toxicity considerations. - Includes a timely section on innovative future therapies. |
| latest research on aromatase inhibitors: Common Issues in Breast Cancer Survivors Gretchen G. Kimmick, Rebecca A. Shelby, Linda M. Sutton, 2021-08-23 This book provides a clinically useful resource for evaluation and management of the symptoms and issues that burden survivors of breast cancer. Improvements to breast cancer screening and treatment have resulted in more patients than ever before having been cured after local definitive and systemic therapies. Primary care providers and specialists must be increasingly familiar with the issues that breast cancer survivors routinely face. This is the first book to provide a single resource for common issues faced by breast cancer survivors from a truly multidisciplinary perspective; each chapter of this text is coauthored by at least one oncologist and one specialist outside the field of oncology in order to include the perspectives of relevant disciplines. User-friendly and clinically applicable to all specialties, individual chapters also include tables and figures that describe how best to conduct initial evaluation of the given symptom as well as an algorithm, where applicable, outlining the optimal management approach. Common Issues in Breast Cancer Survivors: A Practical Guide to Evaluation and Management empowers non-cancer specialists and practitioners who care for breast cancer survivors to address common issues that impact patient quality of life. |
| latest research on aromatase inhibitors: Recent Progress and Perspectives in Neurosteroid Research Hubert Vaudry, Kiran K. Soma, Takayoshi Ubuka, Kazuyoshi Tsutsui, 2022-08-16 |
| latest research on aromatase inhibitors: Encyclopedia of Breast Cancer Gabriel Adams, Edna Dunn, 2019 This 3 volume set covers a wide range of topics, including: gemcitabine; oophorectomies; breast cancer growth inhibition; exosomes; tumour infiltrating lymphocytes. |
| latest research on aromatase inhibitors: Biochemistry and Function of Sterols Edward J. Parish, W. David Nes, 2020-11-25 Leading international scientists bring current and developing topics in sterol research together in Biochemistry and Function of Sterols. The authors are experts in each major area of sterol research-medicine, biochemistry, chemistry, and agriculture. Each chapter features the current state of research as well as new and developing research topics. Throughout the volume the focus is on the major and expanding areas of sterol biochemistry and function of sterols in all classes or organisms. The broad scope of this work embraces many disciplines and will be of interest to a variety of researchers, students, and lay people. Professors will find Biochemistry and Function of Sterols an excellent choice as a textbook for courses on steroid, lipid, or plant biochemistry. |
| latest research on aromatase inhibitors: SEER Summary Staging Manual 2000 National Cancer Institute (U.S.). Cancer Statistics Branch, 2001-10 From the Surveill., Epidem., & End Results (SEER) Prog. based at the Nat. Cancer Inst. Intended as a coding manual beginning with cases diagnosed from Jan. 1, 2001 rather than a staging guide. Each anatomic site in the Topography Sect. of the Internat. Class. of Disease for Oncology -- 3rd Ed. (ICD-0-3) has a corresponding summary staging scheme. Certain specific histologic types also have specific staging schemes. In some cases, sites which previously had separate guides (such as the segments of the colon) have a single staging scheme (colon), whereas some sites which previously had a single guide (e.g., larynx) have separate schemes for each sub-site of the larynx. |
| latest research on aromatase inhibitors: Breast Cancer William L. McGuire, 1981 This is the fourth book in a series dealing with breast cancer. Volumes 1-3 were concerned with treatment, experimental biology, and a number of varied timely topics. The present volume continues to review the breast cancer field in the broadest sense. The first chapter addresses the question of selecting appropriate chemotherapy for the patient. In the 1970s, great advances were seen in our ability to achieve objective tumor regression with empirical combina tions of chemotherapeutic agents. The next decade will focus on precise methods to select those agents likely to have the greatest benefit in individual patients. Livingston has provided us with a thorough review of the current state of the art. We have known for some time that steroid hormone receptor assays of considerable value to clinicians caring for patients with advanced disease. Osborne and colleagues now present considerable arguments that receptor assays are also useful in the setting of primary breast cancer for purposes of both prognosis and treatment strategy. A very important clinical problem which has received little attention in the research laboratory is benign breast disease. If one inquires about the medical therapy of this disorder in the United States, it is obvious that the majority of physicians would appreciate a better understanding of the pathophysiology which might lead to improved therapies. Mauvais-Jarvis and co-workers provide us with such an account from their wide experience. |
| latest research on aromatase inhibitors: Adjuvant Therapy of Breast Cancer I. Craig Henderson, 2012-11-05 The results of randomized trials evaluating the use of early or adjuvant systemic treatment for patients with resectable breast cancer provide an eloquent rebuttal to those who would argue that we have made no progress in the treatment of cancer. Many of the tumors that we have been most successful in curing with chemotherapy and other newer forms of treatment are relatively uncommon. In contrast, breast cancer continues to be the single most common malignancy among women in the western world, is increasingly a cause of death throughout Asia and Third-World countries, and remains one of the most substantial causes of cancer mortality world wide. The use of mammography as a means of early detection has been shown to reduce breast cancer mortality by 25-35% among those popu lations in which it is utilized. The use of adjuvant systemic treatment in appropriate patients provides a similar (and additional) reduction in breast cancer mortality. Few subjects have been so systematically studied in the history of medicine, and it seems fair to conclude that the value to adjuvant systemic therapy in prolonging the lives of women with breast cancer is more firmly supported by empirical evidence than even the more conventional or primary treatments using various combinations ofsurgery and radiotherapy. |
| latest research on aromatase inhibitors: Sample Size Calculations in Clinical Research Shein-Chung Chow, Jun Shao, Hansheng Wang, Yuliya Lokhnygina, 2017-08-15 Praise for the Second Edition: ... this is a useful, comprehensive compendium of almost every possible sample size formula. The strong organization and carefully defined formulae will aid any researcher designing a study. -Biometrics This impressive book contains formulae for computing sample size in a wide range of settings. One-sample studies and two-sample comparisons for quantitative, binary, and time-to-event outcomes are covered comprehensively, with separate sample size formulae for testing equality, non-inferiority, and equivalence. Many less familiar topics are also covered ... – Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Sample Size Calculations in Clinical Research, Third Edition presents statistical procedures for performing sample size calculations during various phases of clinical research and development. A comprehensive and unified presentation of statistical concepts and practical applications, this book includes a well-balanced summary of current and emerging clinical issues, regulatory requirements, and recently developed statistical methodologies for sample size calculation. Features: Compares the relative merits and disadvantages of statistical methods for sample size calculations Explains how the formulae and procedures for sample size calculations can be used in a variety of clinical research and development stages Presents real-world examples from several therapeutic areas, including cardiovascular medicine, the central nervous system, anti-infective medicine, oncology, and women’s health Provides sample size calculations for dose response studies, microarray studies, and Bayesian approaches This new edition is updated throughout, includes many new sections, and five new chapters on emerging topics: two stage seamless adaptive designs, cluster randomized trial design, zero-inflated Poisson distribution, clinical trials with extremely low incidence rates, and clinical trial simulation. |
| latest research on aromatase inhibitors: Breast Cancer: New Insights for the Healthcare Professional: 2011 Edition , 2012-01-09 Breast Cancer: New Insights for the Healthcare Professional: 2011 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ eBook that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about Breast Cancer. The editors have built Breast Cancer: New Insights for the Healthcare Professional: 2011 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Breast Cancer in this eBook to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Breast Cancer: New Insights for the Healthcare Professional: 2011 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/. |
| latest research on aromatase inhibitors: Testosterone Susan Nieschlag, Eberhard Nieschlag, Hermann M. Behre, 2012-12-06 New developments in testosterone therapy are summarized here by internationally renowned experts. They review both basic and clinical knowledge in fourteen chapters. The book begins with the biochemistry of testosterone, its biosynthesis, metabolism and mechanisms of action in target organs. Three chapters deal with specific aspects of testosterone action, namely its role in spermatogenesis, its psychotropic effects and its effects on bones. Syndromes caused by androgen resistance are described in order to highlight the importance of properly functioning enzymes and receptors in the target organs. Causes and symptoms of male hypogonadism, the major indication for testosterone treatment, are described. Five chapters are devoted to the pharmacology, pharmacokinetics and clinical uses and abuses of testosterone preparations. The new transdermal testosterone application is described in detail. Side effects of testosterone treatment are reviewed. The possible role of androgens in the development of prostatic hypertrophy and carcinoma is discussed extensively since this question is of major concern to the clinician. |
| latest research on aromatase inhibitors: Recent Advances in Polyphenol Research Fouad Daayf, Vincenzo Lattanzio, 2009-01-21 Polyphenols are the second most abundant class of substances in nature, and include tannins and flavonoids, many of which have extremely important antioxidant properties which have now been shown to have a key role in the prevention of cancer in humans. This important book covers polyphenol chemistry, biosynthesis and genetic manipulation, ecology and plant physiology, food and nutritional aspects and the effects of polyphenols on health. Included within the contents are cutting edge chapters on biotic and abiotic stress in plants, safety and toxicity in foods, functionality and nutraceutical benefits in nutrition, and aspects of pharmaceutical and cosmetic discovery and development. Sponsored by Groupe Polyphenols, this landmark book has been edited by Professor Fouad Daayf and Professor Vincenzo Lattanzio, who have drawn together an impressive list of internationally respected contributing authors, each providing a comprehensive review of the current situation regarding each important subject covered. Recent Advances in Polyphenol Research is an important publication which will be of great use to chemists, biochemists, plant scientists, pharmacognosists and pharmacologists, food scientists and nutritionists. Libraries in all universities and research establishments where these subjects are studied and taught should have copies of this book on their shelves. |
| latest research on aromatase inhibitors: Clinical Diagnosis in Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation E-Book Subhadra Nori, Michelle Stern, Se Won Lee, 2020-12-01 Offering a strong focus on investigative methods and action strategies for diagnosis of musculoskeletal issues, Clinical Diagnosis in Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation: Case by Case is a must-have resource for quick reference during daily rounds, as well as a handy study and review tool for oral boards. This portable reference covers what approaches to take when a patient presents with specific musculoskeletal issues (including differential diagnoses possibilities), what tests are appropriate to order, how to determine the relevance of results, and what treatment options to consider. Practical and easy to use, it helps you apply foundational knowledge to everyday clinical situations. - Provides comprehensive, interdisciplinary guidance for clinical diagnosis and problem solving of musculoskeletal issues that are commonly encountered in an office or clinic setting. - Offers a case-by-case analysis organized by chief complaint, body part, or condition, allowing for optimal on-the-spot reference. - Helps physiatrists and residents think through every aspect of clinical diagnosis, clearly organizing essential information and focusing on a quick and accurate thought process required by limited time with each patient. - Covers neck pain, back pain, total body pain (fibromyalgia), lymphedema, tingling and numbness, gait difficulty, and much more. |
| latest research on aromatase inhibitors: WHO List of Priority Medical Devices for Cancer Management World Health Organization, 2017-05-09 This is the model list and clearing house of appropriate, basic, and priority medical devices based on the list of clinical interventions selected from clinical guidelines on prevention, screening, diagnosis, treatment, palliative care, monitoring, and end of life care. This publication addresses medical devices that can be used for the management of cancer and specifically describes medical devices for six types of cancer: breast, cervical, colorectal, leukemia, lung, and prostate. This book is intended for ministries of health, public health planners, health technology managers, disease management, researchers, policy makers, funding, and procurement agencies and support and advocacy groups for cancer patients. |
| latest research on aromatase inhibitors: Diagnosing and Treating Adult Cancers and Associated Impairments National Academies Of Sciences Engineeri, National Academies of Sciences Engineering and Medicine, Health And Medicine Division, Board On Health Care Services, Committee on Diagnosing and Treating Adult Cancers, 2021-11-10 Cancer is the second leading cause of death among adults in the United States after heart disease. However, improvements in cancer treatment and earlier detection are leading to growing numbers of cancer survivors. As the number of cancer survivors grows, there is increased interest in how cancer and its treatments may affect a person's ability to work, whether the person has maintained employment throughout the treatment or is returning to work at a previous, current, or new place of employment. Cancer-related impairments and resulting functional limitations may or may not lead to disability as defined by the U.S. Social Security Administration (SSA), however, adults surviving cancer who are unable to work because of cancer-related impairments and functional limitations may apply for disability benefits from SSA. At the request of SSA, Diagnosing and Treating Adult Cancers and Associated Impairments provides background information on breast cancer, lung cancer, and selected other cancers to assist SSA in its review of the listing of impairments for disability assessments. This report addresses several specific topics, including determining the latest standards of care as well as new technologies for understanding disease processes, treatment modalities, and the effect of cancer on a person's health and functioning, in order to inform SSA's evaluation of disability claims for adults with cancer. |
| latest research on aromatase inhibitors: Delivering High-Quality Cancer Care Committee on Improving the Quality of Cancer Care: Addressing the Challenges of an Aging Population, Board on Health Care Services, Institute of Medicine, 2014-01-10 In the United States, approximately 14 million people have had cancer and more than 1.6 million new cases are diagnosed each year. However, more than a decade after the Institute of Medicine (IOM) first studied the quality of cancer care, the barriers to achieving excellent care for all cancer patients remain daunting. Care often is not patient-centered, many patients do not receive palliative care to manage their symptoms and side effects from treatment, and decisions about care often are not based on the latest scientific evidence. The cost of cancer care also is rising faster than many sectors of medicine--having increased to $125 billion in 2010 from $72 billion in 2004--and is projected to reach $173 billion by 2020. Rising costs are making cancer care less affordable for patients and their families and are creating disparities in patients' access to high-quality cancer care. There also are growing shortages of health professionals skilled in providing cancer care, and the number of adults age 65 and older--the group most susceptible to cancer--is expected to double by 2030, contributing to a 45 percent increase in the number of people developing cancer. The current care delivery system is poorly prepared to address the care needs of this population, which are complex due to altered physiology, functional and cognitive impairment, multiple coexisting diseases, increased side effects from treatment, and greater need for social support. Delivering High-Quality Cancer Care: Charting a New Course for a System in Crisis presents a conceptual framework for improving the quality of cancer care. This study proposes improvements to six interconnected components of care: (1) engaged patients; (2) an adequately staffed, trained, and coordinated workforce; (3) evidence-based care; (4) learning health care information technology (IT); (5) translation of evidence into clinical practice, quality measurement and performance improvement; and (6) accessible and affordable care. This report recommends changes across the board in these areas to improve the quality of care. Delivering High-Quality Cancer Care: Charting a New Course for a System in Crisis provides information for cancer care teams, patients and their families, researchers, quality metrics developers, and payers, as well as HHS, other federal agencies, and industry to reevaluate their current roles and responsibilities in cancer care and work together to develop a higher quality care delivery system. By working toward this shared goal, the cancer care community can improve the quality of life and outcomes for people facing a cancer diagnosis. |
| latest research on aromatase inhibitors: Steroid Hydroxylases—Advances in Research and Application: 2012 Edition , 2012-12-26 Steroid Hydroxylases—Advances in Research and Application: 2012 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ eBook that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about Steroid Hydroxylases. The editors have built Steroid Hydroxylases—Advances in Research and Application: 2012 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Steroid Hydroxylases in this eBook to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Steroid Hydroxylases—Advances in Research and Application: 2012 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/. |
