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Hydrostatic Transmission Problems: A Comprehensive Troubleshooting Guide
Introduction:
Is your equipment struggling to perform? Are you experiencing frustrating inconsistencies in power or speed? The culprit might be your hydrostatic transmission (HST). HSTs, while offering smooth operation and precise control, are complex systems prone to various problems. This comprehensive guide dives deep into common hydrostatic transmission problems, providing you with the knowledge to diagnose issues, understand their causes, and potentially avoid costly repairs. We'll cover everything from identifying warning signs to preventative maintenance, empowering you to keep your machinery running smoothly.
1. Understanding Hydrostatic Transmissions: A Quick Overview
Before diving into the problems, let's briefly understand how an HST works. A hydrostatic transmission uses hydraulic fluid to transfer power from an engine to the wheels or output shaft. It consists of a pump, a motor, and a control system. The pump, driven by the engine, creates hydraulic pressure. This pressure is then directed to the motor, which converts the hydraulic energy back into mechanical energy to drive the equipment. The control system regulates the flow of hydraulic fluid, controlling speed and direction. This closed-loop system allows for infinitely variable speed control and smooth operation, unlike traditional gear-based transmissions.
2. Common Hydrostatic Transmission Problems and Their Causes:
This section details common issues, their root causes, and potential solutions.
2.1 Loss of Power or Reduced Performance:
Cause 1: Low Hydraulic Fluid Level: Insufficient fluid reduces pressure, leading to diminished power. Regular fluid level checks are crucial.
Cause 2: Contaminated Hydraulic Fluid: Dirt, debris, or water in the fluid can damage internal components, reducing efficiency.
Cause 3: Worn Pump or Motor: Over time, these components wear, decreasing their ability to generate and utilize pressure. This often manifests as gradual performance decline.
Cause 4: Leaks in the Hydraulic System: Leaks reduce the amount of fluid available for pressure generation. Inspect hoses, seals, and connections for leaks.
Cause 5: Clogged Filters or Strainers: Restricted fluid flow due to clogged filters reduces pressure and power. Regular filter changes are essential.
2.2 Overheating:
Cause 1: Low Hydraulic Fluid Level: Insufficient fluid reduces cooling capacity, leading to overheating.
Cause 2: Contaminated Hydraulic Fluid: Contaminants can hinder heat dissipation.
Cause 3: Faulty Cooling System: Problems with the radiator, fan, or other cooling components can cause overheating.
Cause 4: Restricted Fluid Flow: Obstructions in the system increase friction and heat generation.
2.3 Noisy Operation:
Cause 1: Worn Pump or Motor Bearings: Worn bearings produce characteristic grinding or whining noises.
Cause 2: Air in the Hydraulic System: Air in the system can cause cavitation, leading to noisy operation.
Cause 3: Loose or Damaged Components: Loose bolts, worn gears, or other damaged components can create unusual noises.
2.4 Inconsistent Speed or Jerky Operation:
Cause 1: Problems with the Control System: Malfunctioning control valves or sensors can result in erratic speed control.
Cause 2: Air in the Hydraulic System: Air bubbles disrupt smooth fluid flow, causing jerky movements.
Cause 3: Worn or Damaged Internal Components: Worn components within the pump or motor can cause inconsistent operation.
2.5 Leaks:
Cause 1: Worn Seals or O-rings: These seals wear out over time, leading to leaks.
Cause 2: Damaged Hoses or Fittings: Cracked or damaged hoses and fittings are common sources of leaks.
Cause 3: Loose Connections: Improperly tightened connections can lead to leaks.
3. Diagnosing Hydrostatic Transmission Problems: A Step-by-Step Approach
Effective troubleshooting involves a systematic approach:
1. Check Fluid Level: Ensure the fluid is at the correct level.
2. Inspect for Leaks: Carefully examine all hoses, fittings, and connections for leaks.
3. Check Fluid Condition: Inspect the fluid for discoloration, contamination, or unusual odors.
4. Listen for Unusual Noises: Pay attention to any grinding, whining, or unusual sounds.
5. Test System Performance: Observe the machine's operation for any inconsistencies in speed, power, or responsiveness.
6. Consult Service Manuals: Refer to the manufacturer's service manuals for troubleshooting guidance.
4. Preventative Maintenance for Hydrostatic Transmissions:
Preventative maintenance is key to extending the life of your HST and avoiding costly repairs:
Regular Fluid Changes: Follow the manufacturer's recommended schedule for fluid changes.
Filter Changes: Replace filters according to the manufacturer's recommendations.
Inspect Hoses and Fittings: Regularly check for wear and tear, cracks, or leaks.
Check Fluid Level Regularly: Keep a close eye on the fluid level.
Keep the System Clean: Prevent contamination by keeping the area around the HST clean and free of debris.
5. When to Call a Professional:
If you are unable to diagnose and repair the problem yourself, it's crucial to contact a qualified technician. Attempting complex repairs without proper knowledge can cause further damage.
Article Outline: Hydrostatic Transmission Problems
Introduction: Hooking the reader with a relatable problem and outlining the article's scope.
Chapter 1: Understanding Hydrostatic Transmissions: Explaining the basic functionality and components of an HST.
Chapter 2: Common Hydrostatic Transmission Problems: Detailed explanation of various common problems and their causes.
Chapter 3: Diagnosing Hydrostatic Transmission Problems: A step-by-step guide for troubleshooting.
Chapter 4: Preventative Maintenance: Strategies for preventing future issues.
Chapter 5: When to Call a Professional: Advising readers when professional help is needed.
Conclusion: Recap of key points and encouragement for preventative maintenance.
FAQs: Addressing common reader questions.
Related Articles: Linking to other relevant content.
(The content above fulfills the outline provided.)
9 Unique FAQs:
1. Q: My HST is making a whining noise. What could be the cause? A: A whining noise often indicates worn bearings in the pump or motor.
2. Q: My equipment is losing power gradually. What should I check? A: Check the hydraulic fluid level, condition, and for leaks. A worn pump or motor is also a possibility.
3. Q: How often should I change the hydraulic fluid in my HST? A: Refer to your equipment's service manual for the recommended fluid change intervals.
4. Q: My HST is overheating. What are the potential causes? A: Low fluid level, contaminated fluid, a faulty cooling system, or restricted fluid flow can all cause overheating.
5. Q: I see a small leak. Is this a major concern? A: Even small leaks can indicate a problem that will worsen over time. Address leaks promptly.
6. Q: How can I tell if there's air in my HST system? A: Air in the system often causes noisy operation and inconsistent performance.
7. Q: Can I use a different type of hydraulic fluid in my HST? A: No, always use the type of fluid specified by the manufacturer. Using the wrong fluid can damage the system.
8. Q: How can I prevent my HST from overheating? A: Regular fluid changes, keeping the system clean, and ensuring proper cooling system function are crucial.
9. Q: My HST is jerky and inconsistent. What could be the problem? A: This suggests a problem with the control system, air in the system, or worn internal components.
9 Related Articles:
1. Hydrostatic Transmission Repair Costs: A guide to the costs associated with repairing HSTs.
2. Choosing the Right Hydraulic Fluid for Your HST: Information on selecting the appropriate fluid for your equipment.
3. Hydraulic Pump Repair and Maintenance: Focus on the maintenance and repair of hydraulic pumps.
4. Hydraulic Motor Troubleshooting Guide: A guide to diagnosing and fixing problems with hydraulic motors.
5. Preventative Maintenance for Construction Equipment: Broader maintenance advice encompassing HSTs.
6. Understanding Hydraulic System Components: An overview of the components in a hydraulic system.
7. Troubleshooting Hydraulic System Leaks: Detailed guidance on finding and fixing leaks.
8. Common Causes of Hydraulic System Failure: A discussion of reasons for system failures and preventative measures.
9. Hydraulic System Diagnostics Tools and Techniques: Information on advanced diagnostic tools and techniques.
| hydrostatic transmission problems: Fluid Power Troubleshooting, Second Edition, Anton Hehn, 1994-12-01 Presents practical methods for detecting, diagnosing and correcting fluid power problems within a system. The work details the design, maintenance, and troubleshooting of pneumatic, hydraulic and electrical systems and components. This second edition stresses: developments in understanding the complex interactions of components within a fluid power system; cartridge valve systems, proportional valve and servo-systems, and compressed air drying and filtering; noise reduction and other environmental concerns; and more.;This work should be of interest to mechanical, maintenance, manufacturing, system and machine design, hydraulic, pneumatic, industrial, chemical, electrical and electronics, lubrication, plastics processing, automotive, process control, and power system engineers; manufacturers of hydraulic and pneumatic machinery; systems maintenance personnel; and upper-level undergraduate and graduate students in these disciplines. |
| hydrostatic transmission problems: Notes and Problems on the Elements of Mechanism and the Transmission of Power William Bradford Homer, 1895 |
| hydrostatic transmission problems: Hydrostatic Transmissions and Actuators Gustavo Costa, Nariman Sepehri, 2015-07-22 Hydrostatic Transmissions and Actuators takes a pedagogical approach and begins with an overview of the subject, providing basic definitions and introducing fundamental concepts. Hydrostatic transmissions and hydrostatic actuators are then examined in more detail with coverage of pumps and motors, hydrostatic solutions to single-rod actuators, energy management and efficiency and dynamic response. Consideration is also given to current and emerging applications of hydrostatic transmissions and actuators in automobiles, mobile equipment, wind turbines, wave energy harvesting and airplanes. End of chapter exercises and real world industrial examples are included throughout and a companion website hosting a solution manual is also available. Hydrostatic Transmissions and Actuators is an up to date and comprehensive textbook suitable for courses on fluid power systems and technology, and mechatronics systems design. |
| hydrostatic transmission problems: Hydraulic Control Systems Noah D. Manring, Roger C. Fales, 2019-09-04 Provides key updates to a must-have text on hydraulic control systems This fully updated, second edition offers students and professionals a reliable and comprehensive guide to the hows and whys of today's hydraulic control system fundamentals. Complete with insightful industry examples, it features the latest coverage of modeling and control systems with a widely accepted approach to systems design. The book also offers all new information on: advanced control topics; auxiliary components (reservoirs, accumulators, coolers, filters); hybrid transmissions; multi-circuit systems; and digital hydraulics. Chapters in Hydraulic Control Systems, 2nd Edition cover; fluid properties; fluid mechanics; dynamic systems and control; hydraulic valves, pumps, and actuators; auxiliary components; and both valve and pump controlled hydraulic systems. The book presents illustrative case studies throughout that highlight important topics and demonstrate how equations can be implemented and used in the real world. It also features end-of-chapter exercises to help facilitate learning. It is a powerful tool for developing a solid understanding of hydraulic control systems that will serve all practicing engineers in the field. Provides a useful review of fluid mechanics and system dynamics Offers thorough analysis of transient fluid flow forces within valves Adds all new information on: advanced control topics; auxiliary components; hybrid transmissions; multi-circuit systems; and digital hydraulics Discusses flow ripple for both gear pumps and axial piston pumps Presents updated analysis of the pump control problems associated with swash plate type machines Showcases a successful methodology for hydraulic system design Features reduced-order models and PID controllers showing control objectives of position, velocity, and effort Hydraulic Control Systems, 2nd Edition is an important book for undergraduate and first-year graduate students taking courses in fluid power. It is also an excellent resource for practicing engineers in the field of fluid power. |
| hydrostatic transmission problems: Fundamentals of Mobile Heavy Equipment Owen C. Duffy, Gus Wright, Scott A. Heard, 2017-09-27 Fundamentals of Mobile Heavy Equipment provides students with a thorough introduction to the diagnosis, repair, and maintenance of off-road mobile heavy equipment. With comprehensive, up-to-date coverage of the latest technology in the field, it addresses the equipment used in construction, agricultural, forestry, and mining industries. |
| hydrostatic transmission problems: Fluid Power Circuits and Controls John S. Cundiff, Michael F. Kocher, 2019-12-05 Fluid Power Circuits and Controls: Fundamentals and Applications, Second Edition, is designed for a first course in fluid power for undergraduate engineering students. After an introduction to the design and function of components, students apply what they’ve learned and consider how the component operating characteristics interact with the rest of the circuit. The Second Edition offers many new worked examples and additional exercises and problems in each chapter. Half of these new problems involve the basic analysis of specific elements, and the rest are design-oriented, emphasizing the analysis of system performance. The envisioned course does not require a controls course as a prerequisite; however, it does lay a foundation for understanding the extraordinary productivity and accuracy that can be achieved when control engineers and fluid power engineers work as a team on a fluid power design problem. A complete solutions manual is available for qualified adopting instructors. |
| hydrostatic transmission problems: Hydraulic Fluid Power - A Historical Timeline Steve Skinner, 2014-07-19 A light-hearted ramble through the history of hydraulic fluid power from its birth at the end of the 18th century up to the modern day. The book includes numerous illustrations, including the first hydraulic excavator and the virtual reality ship which could accommodate 700 passengers. |
| hydrostatic transmission problems: Simulation of Fluid Power Systems with Simcenter Amesim Nicolae Vasiliu, Daniela Vasiliu, Constantin CĂLINOIU, Radu Puhalschi, 2018-04-09 This book illustrates numerical simulation of fluid power systems by LMS Amesim Platform covering hydrostatic transmissions, electro hydraulic servo valves, hydraulic servomechanisms for aerospace engineering, speed governors for power machines, fuel injection systems, and automotive servo systems It includes hydrostatic transmissions, automotive fuel injection, hydropower speed units governor, aerospace servo systems along with case studies of specified companies Aids in predicting and optimizing the static and dynamic performances related to the systems under study |
| hydrostatic transmission problems: Hydraulic Power System Analysis Arthur Akers, Max Gassman, Richard Smith, 2006-04-17 The excitement and the glitz of mechatronics has shifted the engineering community's attention away from fluid power systems in recent years. However, fluid power still remains advantageous in many applications compared to electrical or mechanical power transmission methods. Designers are left with few practical resources to help in the design and |
| hydrostatic transmission problems: Drilling Engineering Problems and Solutions M. E. Hossain, M. R. Islam, 2018-06-19 Completely up to date and the most thorough and comprehensive reference work and learning tool available for drilling engineering, this groundbreaking volume is a must-have for anyone who works in drilling in the oil and gas sector. Petroleum and natural gas still remain the single biggest resource for energy on earth. Even as alternative and renewable sources are developed, petroleum and natural gas continue to be, by far, the most used and, if engineered properly, the most cost-effective and efficient, source of energy on the planet. Drilling engineering is one of the most important links in the energy chain, being, after all, the science of getting the resources out of the ground for processing. Without drilling engineering, there would be no gasoline, jet fuel, and the myriad of other have to have products that people use all over the world every day. Following up on their previous books, also available from Wiley-Scrivener, the authors, two of the most well-respected, prolific, and progressive drilling engineers in the industry, offer this groundbreaking volume. They cover the basic tenets of drilling engineering, the most common problems that the drilling engineer faces day to day, and cutting-edge new technology and processes through their unique lens. Written to reflect the new, changing world that we live in, this fascinating new volume offers a treasure of knowledge for the veteran engineer, new hire, or student. This book is an excellent resource for petroleum engineering students, reservoir engineers, supervisors & managers, researchers and environmental engineers for planning every aspect of rig operations in the most sustainable, environmentally responsible manner, using the most up-to-date technological advancements in equipment and processes. |
| hydrostatic transmission problems: Operator's, Organizational, Direct Support and General Support Maintenance Manual Including (repair Parts and Special Tools List) for Mixer, Rotary Tiller, Soil Stabilization, Reworks Model HDS-E, Diesel Engine Driven (DED) NSN 3895-01-141-0882 , 1985 |
| hydrostatic transmission problems: Hydraulic Fluid Power Andrea Vacca, Germano Franzoni, 2021-04-12 HYDRAULIC FLUID POWER LEARN MORE ABOUT HYDRAULIC TECHNOLOGY IN HYDRAULIC SYSTEMS DESIGN WITH THIS COMPREHENSIVE RESOURCE Hydraulic Fluid Power provides readers with an original approach to hydraulic technology education that focuses on the design of complete hydraulic systems. Accomplished authors and researchers Andrea Vacca and Germano Franzoni begin by describing the foundational principles of hydraulics and the basic physical components of hydraulics systems. They go on to walk readers through the most practical and useful system concepts for controlling hydraulic functions in modern, state-of-the-art systems. Written in an approachable and accessible style, the book’s concepts are classified, analyzed, presented, and compared on a system level. The book also provides readers with the basic and advanced tools required to understand how hydraulic circuit design affects the operation of the equipment in which it’s found, focusing on the energy performance and control features of each design architecture. Readers will also learn how to choose the best design solution for any application. Readers of Hydraulic Fluid Power will benefit from: Approaching hydraulic fluid power concepts from an “outside-in” perspective, emphasizing a problem-solving orientation Abundant numerical examples and end-of-chapter problems designed to aid the reader in learning and retaining the material A balance between academic and practical content derived from the authors’ experience in both academia and industry Strong coverage of the fundamentals of hydraulic systems, including the equations and properties of hydraulic fluids Hydraulic Fluid Power is perfect for undergraduate and graduate students of mechanical, agricultural, and aerospace engineering, as well as engineers designing hydraulic components, mobile machineries, or industrial systems. |
| hydrostatic transmission problems: Diesel Rail Traction in Comparison with Steam Traction and Electric Traction Arbeitsgemeinschaft Dieselschienenverkehr, 1954 |
| hydrostatic transmission problems: The Michigan Technic , 1952 |
| hydrostatic transmission problems: Proceedings of Transpac '84 , 1985 |
| hydrostatic transmission problems: Introduction to the Mechanics of Space Robots Giancarlo Genta, 2011-10-27 Based on lecture notes on a space robotics course, this book offers a pedagogical introduction to the mechanics of space robots. After presenting an overview of the environments and conditions space robots have to work in, the author discusses a variety of manipulatory devices robots may use to perform their tasks. This is followed by a discussion of robot mobility in these environments and the various technical approaches. The last two chapters are dedicated to actuators, sensors and power systems used in space robots. This book fills a gap in the space technology literature and will be useful for students and for those who have an interest in the broad and highly interdisciplinary field of space robotics, and in particular in its mechanical aspects. |
| hydrostatic transmission problems: Civil Engineering and Public Works Review , 1964 |
| hydrostatic transmission problems: Fault Detection, Supervision and Safety for Technical Processes 1991 B. Freyermuth, R. Isermann, 2014-05-23 These Proceedings provide a general overview as well as detailed information on the developing field of reliability and safety of technical processes in automatically controlled processes. The plenary papers present the state-of-the-art and an overview in the areas of aircraft and nuclear power stations, because these safety-critical system domains possess the most highly developed fault management and supervision schemes. Additional plenary papers covered the recent developments in analytical redundancy. In total there are 95 papers presented in these Proceedings. |
| hydrostatic transmission problems: , |
| hydrostatic transmission problems: Reports - Hawaiian Sugar Technologists Hawaiian Sugar Technologists, 1975 |
| hydrostatic transmission problems: Operations Research Proceedings 2015 Karl Franz Dörner, Ivana Ljubic, Georg Pflug, Gernot Tragler, 2017-03-07 This book gathers a selection of refereed papers presented at the “International Conference on Operations Research OR2015,” which was held at the University of Vienna, Austria, September 1-4, 2015. Over 900 scientists and students from 50 countries attended this conference and presented more than 600 papers in parallel topic streams as well as special award sessions. Though the guiding theme of the conference was “Optimal Decision and Big Data,” this volume also includes papers addressing practically all aspects of modern Operations Research. |
| hydrostatic transmission problems: Applied Hydraulics , 1956 |
| hydrostatic transmission problems: An Announcement of Highway Safety Literature , 1972 |
| hydrostatic transmission problems: Highway Safety Literature , 1977 |
| hydrostatic transmission problems: SAE Technical Paper Series , 1965 Online version: Technical papers portion of the SAE Digital Library references thousands of SAE Technical Papers covering the latest advances and research in all areas of mobility engineering including ground vehicle, aerospace, off-highway, and manufacturing technology. Sample coverage includes fuels and lubricants, emissions, electronics, brakes, restraint systems, noise, engines, materials, lighting, and more. Your SAE service includes detailed summaries, complete documents in PDF, plus document storage and maintenance |
| hydrostatic transmission problems: Next-Generation Cyber-Physical Microgrid Systems O.V. Gnana Swathika, K. Karthikeyan, Sanjeevikumar Padmanaban, 2024-02-23 Next-Generation Cyber-Physical Microgrid Systems: A Practical Guide to Communication Technologies and Resilience presents the opportunities and challenges of using communication network technology to integrate distributed generation systems into microgrids. Working their way through case studies and theoretical strategies, the global range of authors analyze the particular needs of different system structures, including DC, AC-DC and hybrid microgrids, island-bound or grid-connected systems, and case studies in wind power and photovoltaic systems. Risks arising from the communication networks are addressed in detail, with strategies covered including modelling, cyber-physical security set-ups, applications of blockchain, demand-response analyses, and the impact and mitigation of cyber-attacks. Power-electronics interfaces for the integration of these technologies are demonstrated and explained. With a wealth of real-world, practical advice for the implementation and protection of these communication strategies, Next-Generation Cyber-Physical Microgrid Systems will be a useful resource for researchers and industry professionals developing the sustainable energy systems of the future. - Provides a practical reference for resilience in the cyber-physical microgrid with distributed and renewable integration - Summarizes the opportunities and challenges arising from the implementation of communication technologies - Includes simulations, models, case studies, and test codes to maximize practical application for students and professionals |
| hydrostatic transmission problems: The SAE Journal , 1962 |
| hydrostatic transmission problems: Hydraulic Power Transmission , 1961 |
| hydrostatic transmission problems: Fluid Power and Control Systems Ernest C. Fitch, 1966 |
| hydrostatic transmission problems: Heavy-Duty Wheeled Vehicles Boris Nikolaevich Belousov, Sergey D Popov, 2014-01-27 Heavy-duty wheeled vehicles (HDWVs) are all-wheel-drive vehicles that carry 25 tons or more and have three or more axles. They transport heavy, bulky cargo such as raw minerals, timber, construction materials, pre-fabricated modules, weapons, combat vehicles, and more. HDWVs are used in a variety of industries (mining, logging, construction, energy) and are critical to a country’s economy and defense. These vehicles have unique development requirements due to their high loads, huge dimensions, and specific operating conditions. Hauling efficiencies can be improved by increasing vehicle load capacity; however capacities are influenced by legislation, road limits, and design. Designing HDWVs differs from other multi-purpose all-wheel-drive vehicles. The chassis must be custom-designed to suit the customer’s particular purpose. The number of axles is another variable, as well as which ones are driving and which are driven. Tires are also customizable. Translated by SAE from Russian, this book narrates the history of HDWVs and presents the theory and calculations required to design them. It summarizes results of the authors’ academic research and experience and presents innovative technical solutions used for electric and hydrostatic transmissions, steering systems, and active safety of these vehicles. The book consists of three parts. Part one covers HDWV design history and general design methods, including basic vehicle design, and evaluating HDWV use conditions. Part one also covers general operation requirements and consumer needs, and a brief analysis of structural components of existing HDWVs and prototypes. Part two outlines information needs for designing HDWVs. Part three reviews basic theory and calculation of innovative technical solutions, as well as special requirements for component parts. This comprehensive title provides the following information about HDWVs: • History of design and manufacture. • Manufacturers’ summary design data. • Background data on sample vehicles. • Component calculation examples. • Overview of motion theory, which is useful in design and placement of bulky cargo. |
| hydrostatic transmission problems: The Application of Hydraulics to Mobile Equipment for Agriculture, Construction, and Industry , 1964 |
| hydrostatic transmission problems: Theory of Ground Vehicles J. Y. Wong, 2001-03-20 An updated edition of the classic reference on the dynamics of road and off-road vehicles As we enter a new millennium, the vehicle industry faces greater challenges than ever before as it strives to meet the increasing demand for safer, environmentally friendlier, more energy efficient, and lower emissions products. Theory of Ground Vehicles, Third Edition gives aspiring and practicing engineers a fundamental understanding of the critical factors affecting the performance, handling, and ride essential to the development and design of ground vehicles that meet these requirements. As in previous editions, this book focuses on applying engineering principles to the analysis of vehicle behavior. A large number of practical examples and problems are included throughout to help readers bridge the gap between theory and practice. Covering a wide range of topics concerning the dynamics of road and off-road vehicles, this Third Edition is filled with up-to-date information, including: * The Magic Formula for characterizing pneumatic tire behavior from test data for vehicle handling simulations * Computer-aided methods for performance and design evaluation of off-road vehicles, based on the author's own research * Updated data on road vehicle transmissions and operating fuel economy * Fundamentals of road vehicle stability control * Optimization of the performance of four-wheel-drive off-road vehicles and experimental substantiation, based on the author's own investigations * A new theory on skid-steering of tracked vehicles, developed by the author. |
| hydrostatic transmission problems: Energy Efficiency Steven T. Moeller, 2002 Energy Efficiency Issues & Trends |
| hydrostatic transmission problems: Proceedings of the National Conference on Fluid Power , 1972 |
| hydrostatic transmission problems: Popular Science , 1989-12 Popular Science gives our readers the information and tools to improve their technology and their world. The core belief that Popular Science and our readers share: The future is going to be better, and science and technology are the driving forces that will help make it better. |
| hydrostatic transmission problems: JAE , 1971 |
| hydrostatic transmission problems: Engineering , 1982 |
| hydrostatic transmission problems: Hydraulics & Pneumatics , 1962 The Jan. 1956 issue includes Fluid power engineering index, 1931-55. |
| hydrostatic transmission problems: S.A.E. Transactions Society of Automotive Engineers, 1980 |
| hydrostatic transmission problems: AMJ, Agricultural Machinery Journal , 1956 |
